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Security

IT Security Policy

Contents...
1. Policy Statement
2. Virus Protection
3. Computer Suite
4. Access Control
5. LAN Security
6. Server Specific Security
7. UNIX and Linux Specific Security
8. Wide Area Network Security
9. TCP/IP and Internet Security
10. Glossary

1. Policy Statement

"It shall be the responsibility of the I.T. Department to provide adequate protection and confidentiality of all corporate data and proprietary software systems, whether held centrally, on local storage media, or remotely, to ensure the continued availability of data and programs to all authorised members of staff, and to ensure the integrity of all data and configuration controls." Summary of Main Security Policies.

1.1. Confidentiality of all data is to be maintained through discretionary and mandatory access controls.

1.2. Internet and other external service access is restricted to authorised personnel only.

1.3. Access to the private network is only authorised with devices supplied and configured by the company.

1.4. Only authorised and licenced software may be installed, and installation may only be performed by I.T. Department staff.

1.5. The use of unauthorised software is prohibited. In the event of unauthorised software being discovered it will be removed from the device immediately.

1.6. Data may only be transferred for the purposes determined in the Organisation's data-protection policy.

1.7. All diskette drives and removable media from external sources must be virus checked before they are used within the Organisation.

1.8. Passwords must consist of a mixture of at least 8 alphanumeric characters, and must be changed every 30 days and must be unique.

1.9. Device configurations may only be changed by I.T. Department staff.

1.10. The physical security of computer equipment will conform to recognised loss prevention guidelines.

1.11. To prevent the loss of availability of I.T. resources the I.T. Department will take measures to backup data, applications and the configurations of all devices.

1.12 A Disaster Recovery plan will be developed and kept up to date.

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2. Virus Protection

2.1. The I.T. Department will have available up to date virus scanning software for the scanning and removal of suspected viruses.

2.2. Corporate file-servers will be protected with virus scanning software.

2.3. All relevant client devices will be protected by virus scanning software.

2.4. All device and server anti-virus software will be regularly updated with the latest anti-virus patches by the I.T. Department.

2.5. No disk or storage device that is brought in from outside the Organisation is to be used until it has been scanned and use has been authorised by the I.T. Department.

2.6. All systems will be built from original, clean master copies whose write protection has always been in place. Only original master copies will be used until virus scanning has taken place.

2.7. All removable media containing executable software (software with .EXE and .COM extensions) will be write protected wherever possible.

2.8. All demonstrations by vendors will be run on their machines and not the Organisation's.

2.9. Shareware is not to be used, as shareware is one of the most common infection sources. If it is absolutely necessary to use shareware the express permission and guidance of the I.T. Department must be sought.

2.10. New commercial software will be scanned before it is installed as it occasionally contains viruses.

2.11. All removable media brought in to the Organisation by field engineers or support personnel must be scanned by the IT Department before they are used on site.

2.12. To enable data to be recovered in the event of a virus outbreak regular backups will be taken by the I.T. Department.

2.13. Management strongly endorse the Organisation's anti-virus policies and will make the necessary resources available to implement them.

2.14. Users will be kept informed of current procedures and policies.

2.15. Users will be notified of virus incidents.

2.16. Employees will be accountable for any breaches of the Organisation's anti-virus policies.

2.17. Anti-virus policies and procedures will be reviewed regularly.

2.18. In the event of a possible virus infection the user must inform the I.T. Department immediately. The I.T. Department will then scan the infected device and any removable media or other workstations to which the virus may have spread and eradicate it.

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3. Computer Suite

3.1. The computer suite should be housed in a purpose built room.

3.2. Partitions should separating the room or AREA from adjoining rooms and corridors. If located on the ground floor should have doors as defined below and glazing should be protected by bars.

3.3. Secure doors giving access to the room or AREA, from within the building, should be solid timber at least 45mm thick. The locking should be by 2 mortise deadlocks with registered keys. Door fittings should comprise 3 hinges.

3.4. The computer suite should contain an adequate air conditioning system to provide a stable operating environment to reduce the risk of system crashes due to component failure.

3.5. No water, rain water or drainage pipes should run within or above the computer suite to reduce the risk of flooding.

3.6. The floor within the computer suite should be a raised false floor to allow computer cables to run beneath the floor and reduce the risk of damage to computer equipment in the case of flooding.

3.7. Power points should be raised from the floor to allow the smooth shutdown of computer systems in case of flooding.

3.8. Where possible UPS or generator power should be provided to the computer suite to help protect the computer systems in the case of a mains power failure.

3.9. Access to the computer suite is restricted to IT Department staff.

3.10. All contractors working within the computer suite are to be supervised at all times and the IT Department is to be notified of their presence and provided with details of all work to be carried out, at least 48 hours in advance of its commencement.

3.11. All equipment in the computer suite should be protected by CO2 fire prevention.

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4. Access Control

4.1. Users will only be given sufficient rights to all systems to enable them to perform their job function. User rights will be kept to a minimum at all times.

4.2. Users requiring access to systems must make an application I.T Support Department.

4.3. Where possible no one person will have full rights to any system. The I.T. Department will control network/server passwords and system passwords will be assigned by the system administrator in the IT department.

4.4. The system administrator will be responsible for the maintaining the data integrity of the all departments data and for determining end-user access rights.

4.5. Access to the network/servers and systems will be by individual username and password.

4.6. Usernames and passwords must not be shared by users.

4.7. Usernames and passwords should not be written down.

4.8. Usernames will consist of initials and/or name.

4.9. All users will have an alphanumeric password of at least 8 characters.

4.10. Passwords will expire every 30 days and must be unique.

4.11. Intruder detection will be implemented where possible. The user account will be locked after 3 incorrect attempts.

4.12. The I.T. Department will be notified of all employees leaving the Organisation's employment. The I.T. Department will then remove the employees rights to all systems.

4.13. Network/server supervisor passwords and system supervisor passwords will be stored in a secure location in case of an emergency or disaster, for example a fire safe in the I.T. Department.

4.14. Auditing will be implemented on all systems to record login attempts/failures, successful logins and changes made to all systems.

4.15. I.T. Department staff will not login as root on to UNIX, Linux systems, but will use the su command to obtain root privileges.

4.16. Use of the admin username on Novell systems and the Administrator username on Windows is to be kept to a minimum.

4.17. Default passwords on systems such as Oracle and SQLServer will be changed after installation.

4.18. On UNIX and Linux systems, rights to rlogin, ftp, telnet, ssh will be restricted to I.T. Department staff only.

4.19. Where possible users will not be given access to the UNIX or Linux shell prompt.

4.20. File systems will have the maximum security implemented that is possible. Where possible users will only be given Read and Filescan rights to directories, files will be flagged as read only to prevent accidental deletion.

4.21 Access to the network will only be granted to non-employees with the express permission of the I.T. Department and on completion of the company's standard non-disclosure agreement.

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5. LAN Security Hubs & Switches

5.1. LAN equipment, hubs, bridges, repeaters, routers, switches will be kept in secure hub rooms. Hub rooms will be kept locked at all times. Access to hub rooms will be restricted to I.T. Department staff only. Other staff, and contractors requiring access to hub rooms will notify the I.T. Department in advance so that the necessary supervision can be arranged. Workstations

5.2. Users must logout of their workstations when they leave their workstation for any length of time.

5.3. All unused workstations must be switched off outside working hours.

Wiring

5.4. Redundant cabling schemes will be used where possible.

Monitoring Software

5.5. The use of LAN analyser and packet sniffing software is restricted to the I.T. Department.

5.6. LAN analysers and packet sniffers will be securely locked up when not in use.

Servers

5.7. All servers will be kept securely under lock and key.

5.8. Access to the system console and server disk/tape drives will be restricted to authorised I.T. Department staff only. Electrical Security

5.9. All servers will be fitted with UPS's that also condition the power supply.

5.10. All hubs, bridges, repeaters, routers, switches and other critical network equipment will also be fitted with UPS's.

5.11. In the event of a mains power failure, the UPS's will have sufficient power to keep the network and servers running for orderly shutdown of the servers.

5.12. All UPS's will be tested periodically. Inventory Management

5.13. The I.T. Department will keep a full inventory of all computer equipment and software in use throughout the Company.

5.14. Computer hardware and software audits will be carried out periodically.

These audits will be used to track unauthorised copies of software and unauthorised changes to hardware and software configurations.

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6. Server Specific Security

This section applies to Windows, UNIX, Linux and Novell servers.

6.1. The operating system will be kept up to date and patched on a regular basis.

6.2. Servers will be checked regularly for viruses.

6.3. Servers will be locked in a secure room.

6.4. Where appropriate the server console feature will be activated.

6.5. Remote management passwords will be different to the Admin/Administrator/root password.

6.6. Users possessing Admin/Administrator/root rights will be limited to trained members of the I.T. Department staff only.

6.7. Use of the Admin/Administrator/root accounts will be kept to a minimum.

6.8. Assigning security equivalences that give one user the same access rights as another user will be avoided where possible.

6.9. Users access to data and applications will be limited by the access control features.

6.10. Intruder detection and lockout will be enabled.

6.11. The system auditing facilities will be enabled.

6.12. Users must logout or lock their workstations when they leave their workstation for any length of time.

6.13. All unused workstations must be switched off outside working hours.

6.14. All accounts will be assigned a password of a minimum of 8 characters.

6.15. Users will change their passwords every 30 days.

6.16. Unique passwords will be used.

6.17. The number of grace logins will be limited to 3.

6.18. The number of concurrent connections will be limited to 1.

6.19. In certain areas users will be restricted to logging in to specified workstations only.

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7. UNIX and Linux Specific Security

7.1. Direct root access will be limited to the system console only.

7.2. I.T. Department staff requiring root access must make use of the su command.

7.3. Use of the root account will be kept to a minimum.

7.4. All UNIX and Linux system accounts will be password protected, lp etc.

7.5. rlogin facilities will be restricted to authorised I.T. Department staff only.

7.6. ftp facilities will be restricted to authorised I.T. Services staff only.

7.7. telnet facilities will be restricted to authorised users.

7.8. ssh facilities will be restricted to authorised users.

7.9. Users access to data and applications will be limited by the access control features.

7.10. Users will not have access to the $ prompt.

7.11. All accounts will be assigned a password of a minimum of 8 characters.

7.12. Users will change their passwords every 40 days.

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8. Wide Area Network Security

8.1. Wireless LAN's will make use of the most secure encryption and authentication facilities available.

8.2 Users will not install their own wireless equipment under any circumstances.

8.3. Modems will not be used by users without first notifying the I.T. Department and obtaining their approval.

8.4. Where dial-in modems are used, the modem will be unplugged from the telephone network and the access software disabled when not in use.

8.5 Modems will only be used where necessary, in normal circumstances all communications should pass through the Organisations router and firewall.

8.6. Where leased lines are used, the associated channel service units will be locked up to prevent access to their monitoring ports.

8.7. All bridges, routers and gateways will be kept locked up in secure areas.

8.8. Unnecessary protocols will be removed from routers.

8.9. Company firewall rules will not allow pin holing of inbound protocol rules.

8.10. All changes in firewall rules must be requested in writing and authorised by the I.T Department using the Network providers change request forms.

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9. TCP/IP and Internet Security

9.1. Permanent connections to the Internet will be via the means of a firewall to regulate network traffic.

9.2. Permanent connections to other external networks, for offsite processing etc., will be via the means of a firewall to regulate network traffic.

9.3. Where firewalls are used, a dual homed firewall (a device with more than one TCP/IP address) will be the preferred solution.

9.4. Workstation access to the Internet will be via the Organisation's proxy server.

9.5. All incoming and outbound will be scanned by the Organisation's e-mail content scanner.

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10. Glossary Access

  • Control - The process of limiting access to the resources of a system only to authorised programs, processes, or other systems
  • Audit Trail - A chronological record of system activities that is sufficient to enable the reconstruction, reviewing, and examination of the sequence of environments and activities surrounding or leading to an operation, a procedure, or an event in a transaction from its inception to final results
  • Authenticate - To verify the identity of a user, device, or other entity in a computer system, often as a prerequisite to allowing access to resources in a system
  • Authorisation - The granting of access rights to a user, program, or process
  • C2 Security - American security classification generally accepted world-wide, classifying the level of security provided
  • CE - Products which meet the essential requirements of European Community directives for safety and protection carry this mark
  • Products which carry the CE mark may be sold anywhere in the community
  • DISA - Direct inward system access. DISA is used to allow an inward-calling person access to an outbound line. Many PBXs have inbound 0800 numbers for employee use. Employees use them to retrieve their voice mail and to speak to people in the office
  • Discretionary Access Control - A means of restricting access to objects based upon the identity and need to know of the user, process, and/or groups to which they belong
  • File Security The means by which access to computer files is limited to authorised users only
  • Firewall - A device and/or software that prevents unauthorised and improper transit of access and information from one network to another
  • FTP - File transfer protocol. Protocol that allows files to be transferred using TCP/IP
  • Hub - Network device for repeating network packets of information around the network. Identification - The process that enables recognition of an entity by a system, generally by the use of unique machine-readable user names.
  • Internet - World wide information service, consisting of computers around the globe linked together by telephone cables. LAN Analyzer - Device for monitoring and analysing network traffic. Typically used to monitor network traffic levels. Sophisticated analysers can decode network packets to see what information has been sent. Laptop Small portable computer.
  • Mandatory Access Control - A means of restricting access to objects based upon the sensitivity of the information contained in the objects and the formal authorisation of subjects to access information of such sensitivity. Modem Device which allows a computer to send data down the telephone network.
  • Password - A protected, private character string used to authenticate an identity.
  • PBX - Private branch exchange - small telephone exchange used internally within an organisation.
  • Rlogin - Remote login. Protocol that allows a remote host to login to a UNIX host without using a password.
  • Shareware - Software for which there is no charge, but a registration fee is payable if the user decides to use the software. Often downloaded from the Internet or available from PC magazines. Normally not that very well written and often adversely effects other software.
  • Telnet - Protocol that allows a device to login in to a UNIX host using a terminal session.
  • UPS - Uninteruptable power supply. Device containing batteries that protects electrical equipment from surges in the mains power and acts as a temporary source of power in the event of a mains failure.
  • Username - A unique symbol or character string that is used by a system to identify a specific user.
  • Virus - Computer software that replicates itself and often corrupts computer programs and data.
  • Voice Mail - Facility which allows callers to leave voice messages for people who are not able to answer their phone. The voice messages can be played back at a later time.